As the body is allergic, a distortion of the immune response occurs, which causes it to produce antibodies against harmless substances from the external environment, including food. Allergy diets help reduce immune tone in the presence of something that goes against its job (autoimmune diseases, etc. ) or has not yet developed (in infants).This article provides a list of hypoallergenic foods, a list of foods not to eat, and nutritional advice for nursing mothers.
Hypoallergenic products
Food is foreign to the body in terms of the structure of DNA, but this usually does not cause a reaction. Even with sufficient amounts of enzymes, some protein molecules are not fully fermented into amino acids and can be absorbed into the bloodstream as they are, causing allergies. Allergy diets consist of such products. These are vegetables, grains, and fruits grown in human areas, without the bright red color, and free of many animal proteins and immunizing agents.
When it comes to food allergies, rememberyou can't eat these foods:
Coffee, cocoa, chocolate.Reactions to these products have been accompanied by cross-allergies to soy. They are usually triggered by the caffeine and theobromine in these products.
Semi-finished products, smoked products.They contain preservatives, food additives, and can cause real and fake allergic reactions. When smoking, a large number of carcinogens are formed.
mushroom.Rich in protein and not easily fermentable, the cell walls contain chitin and glucan.
beans(Peas, Beans, Peanuts, Lentils) - Known as a rich source of vegetable protein that acts as an allergen.
milk.In addition to casein, milk also contains antibodies that create passive immunity in the pups of the animals (cows, goats, etc. ) that receive milk.
Egg.They contain albumin and other nutrients necessary for the embryonic development of birds and may cause a reaction.
fish and seafood.In them the presence of protein M antigens resistant to heat treatment was determined.
cross allergy(vegetables and fruits). If the patient is allergic to pollen, they will react to fruits and vegetables whose pollen structure is similar or belong to the same genus (poplar, willow, apple). When responding to pollen, it's easier to pinpoint exactly which foods to eliminate.
Meat.It contains a lot of protein, but its sensitizing ability is greatly reduced, usually due to denaturation during its preparation.
cereals,Especially wheat. They contain gluten, albumin and gliadin.
Pseudo-allergic reactions and some hypervitamins can mimic allergies. The main difference is that symptoms appear when the foreign peptide first enters the body, and the severity of the patient's deterioration depends on the amount of food eaten. This reaction occurs on bright red fruits and vegetables, sometimes orange (tomatoes, pomegranates, citrus fruits, strawberries).
what to eat - food list
hypoallergenicDiet required to eliminate primary allergens(exotic fruits and vegetables, strawberries, cocoa, mushrooms, peanuts, tree nuts, coffee, honey, seafood, eggs, fish and milk and its derivatives - milk powder and cheese), andModerate consumption of secondary allergens(Grains - wheat, rye, corn, buckwheat; beans; potatoes; blackcurrants; cranberries; apricots; lingonberries; fats rich in broth; herbal tinctures).
The following types of food are allowed:
lean meat;
Foods that are partially fermented during cooking;
Residence-specific products;
white and green vegetables;
internal organs;
cereals.
shopping list
Hypoallergenic productsAllowed to eat:
Grains: semolina, rice, and oatmeal and barley.
Additive-free yogurt low-fat products, better homemade: cottage cheese (9%), kefir (1%), fermented bakery milk.
Meat: Lean beef, turkey, pork.
Offal (beef, pork): liver, tongue, kidney.
Cod and sea bass.
Bread made from buckwheat, rice or corn.
Oils: butter, sunflower, olives.
Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower.
Rutabagas, squash, zucchini, radishes.
Broccoli, green salad, spinach, herbs.
Green apples, pears, white currants and cherries, gooseberries.
Apples and pears (also dried), rosehip broth, candied fruit for microbrewed tea.
Non-carbonated mineral water.
Allergy diet and nutrition
Food allergies in children and adults are prescribed in the form of a medical form. Product and menu listings areAccording to Diet Chart Nos. 5 and 9.
in children
Antiallergic diets for children require both exclusion of products that enhance the reaction and preparation of a diet that does not affect the digestive organs (in children, gastrointestinal dysfunction often occurs due to the immaturity of the liver and the amount of enzymesless than adults). It is necessary to use hypoallergenic products that are low in fat and eat enough carbohydrates. for thissuitable medical table size 5, except for food immune stimulants.
Form number 5
It is also used for gastrointestinal dysfunction and hepatobiliary diseases.
Nutrients:
Protein - 80-90 g / day (the ratio of animal and vegetable protein is 3: 2);
Fat - 70-75 g / day (¼ - vegetable oil);
Carbohydrates - 360 g/day (equivalent to 80-90 g sugar);
Water - 2-2. 5 l / day;
Calories - 2400 kcal/day.
Recommended Products:
Baked Goods:Dry, from bran flour and first grade flour, yesterday's bread, premium, lean cookies.
It's impossible: fresh pastries, muffins.soup.Vegetable soup with zucchini, cauliflower or Brussels sprouts, spinach, squash; milk soup diluted with milk and water (1: 1); served with cooked grains (semolina, oatmeal, rice). For flavoring - butter, sour cream, flour.
It's impossible: a broth of meat, fish, beans and mushrooms.Meat.Types of lean meat: Rabbit, turkey, chicken, lean beef, pork; cooked and alive without the skin. The meat is cooked and steamed in minced or whole pieces (chicken).
This is impossible: brains, kidneys, smoked and sausage products, fried meat and a piece of cooked, fatty poultry (duck, goose) and meat (pork, beef).fish.Low-fat varieties, mostly fresh water. Boiled or steamed, in the form of cutlets and whole pieces.
It's impossible: fried, battered, fatty varieties; pickled, stewed, canned; caviar.dairy products.Low-fat dairy products: fresh cheese (5-9%), sour cream (15%), kefir (1%), fermented baked milk (2. 5%). Milk diluted with water is used in soups and cereals.
Impossible: fatty cottage cheese, sour cream, cream; processed and hard cheeses; whole and dry milk.Egg.0. 5-1 pieces/day; steamed.
It is impossible: more than 1 egg per day, other dishes.cereals.In water, milk and water (1: 1) - rice, semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat (limited), vermicelli, semolina and rice crisps, buckwheat and rice flour.
Not allowed: beans, millet.vegetable.Potatoes, carrots, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts, spinach, squash, broccoli, zucchini, zucchini, boiled or steamed squash, cucumbers.
Impossible: Cabbage, onions, pickles, canned, pickles, beets, radishes, turnips, turnips, sorrel, garlic, tomatoes, mushrooms, beans.Fruit, candy.Green apples, gooseberries, limited - apricots, white cherries and black currants, raw pears, pureed, cooked pears; as part of jellies, mousses, jellies.
Not allowed: sour fruit, exotic fruit, bright red fruit, cream, chocolate, ice cream.sauce.Serve broth, sauté cereal, and drizzle with low-fat sour cream; use unbaked flour.
It's impossible: mayonnaise, ketchup, meat, fish, mushroom soups; greasy and spicy dressings.drinks.Green tea light tea without additives; candied fruit of pears, apples and currants; from dried fruits; rosehip soup.
Impossible: Cocoa, coffee, black tea, and teas with additives (including lemon); candied bright red berries; citrus beverages; carbonated beverages.Fat.Butter - up to 30 g/day; sunflower and olive oil (limited).
There is a limit to the amount of time a person must follow an allergy-friendly diet: adults - 2-3 weeks; children - 7-10 days. If a rash and a recurrence of allergies appear when the diet is canceled, the product to which the reaction occurred should be excluded.
Form number 9
It is prescribed for metabolic disorders, diabetes, autoimmune and allergic diseases. It requires dietary carbohydrate restriction and is therefore mainly used in adults and children who are intolerant to lactose, sucrose, etc.
Nutrients:
Protein: 85-90 g/day (50-60% - animal origin);
Fat: 70-80 g/day (40-45% - vegetable oil);
Carbohydrates - complexes only; 300-350 g/day;
Water: 1. 5-2 liters/day;
Calorie content: 2200-2400 kcal/day.
Recommended dishes and products:
flour:Bran, protein bran bread, from secondary flour; protein - wheat. Unsweetened cookies and pastries (at the expense of bread).
It's impossible: muffins, muffins, premium flour products.soup:Vegetables; light borsch and cabbage soup; beetroot; simple meat and fish clear soup; okroshka from vegetables/meat; meatball soup (fat free).
It's impossible: fatty broth; mushroom soup; use beans.Meat:Lean beef, veal, lamb, pork (tenderloin/cue ball); rabbit, turkey, chicken; boiled tongue; liver (limited). In the form of braising, boiling, steaming; minced and diced meat that can be cooked after light frying.
Impossible: bacon, sausage, fat, duck, goose, stew.fish:Lean meat varieties are steamed, lightly fried, grilled, and baked without oil. Canned tomatoes (limited).
This is impossible: fatty varieties, exotic varieties of marine fish; seafood; semi-finished products, pickles and canned foods in oil; caviar.Dairy:Low-fat milk (1. 5-2. 5%), or grains diluted with water; low-fat fermented dairy products (cheese 0-5%; kefir 1%; ryadanka 2. 5%); moderate - sour cream 15%. Salt-free varieties of low-fat cheeses (cheese, feta, ricotta).
It's impossible: creamy; sweet curds; hard, salty cheeses.Egg:No more than 1. 5/day; cooked (soft, hard); steamed protein omelets; reduced egg yolk intake.
cereals:Moderate amount (according to the standard of carbohydrates): millet, barley, buckwheat, barley grits, oatmeal.
Not allowed: Beans, rice, pasta, semolina.vegetable:Potatoes (XE restricted), eggplants, cucumbers, tomatoes and beets (restricted), carrots, broccoli, zucchini, squash, lettuce, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower, spinach, zucchini, squash. Stewed, boiled, grilled dishes; limited - fried.
It's impossible: pickles, conservation.snack:Vinaigrette, vegetable (zucchini) caviar, fresh salad, marinated herring, fish jelly, meat, diet cheese (except tofu), beef jelly.
Impossible: Bacon, greasy snacks, sausages, lard, snacks with liver and mushrooms, pickles, canned food.Fruit, candy:Fresh fruits and berries (sweet and sour), jellies, masses, sambucha, preserves; sugar substitutes for sweets.
Not allowed: Chocolate, candy, ice cream, jams, exotic fruits (bananas, figs, dates), raisins and grapes.Sauces and Spices:Low-fat vegetables, light meats and fish soup; limited quantities - ketchup, pepper, mustard, horseradish.
Not allowed: Fatty sauces with lots of spices.drinks:Additive-free tea, vegetables and fruit juices (no sugar added), rosehip broth.
Not allowed: Sugary drinks, sodas, grapes and other juices from sweet fruits/berries.Fat:Lean, olive and unsalted butter.
This is impossible: meat and cooking fats (frying, lard, etc. ).
breastfeeding mother
A hypoallergenic diet for nursing mothers avoids the newborn's reaction to food and reduces gas formation in the baby. strictDietary restriction is important in the first 3 months of a baby's life, because:
Neuromodulation of digestion and peristalsis is still immature (one of the causes of neonatal colic);
The digestive system is adapting: previously, the child received nutrients from the mother's blood through the umbilical cord; the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and the production of gastrointestinal hormones are initiated, the active production of bile and pancreatic, duodenal, gastric juices;
Enzyme production in infants is limited. Excess nutrients are not digested and can also cause cramps and bloating;
Undeveloped immunity (up to 6 months). Immune globulin from breast milk protects the body.
When compiling a breastfeeding woman's diet, it's important to have enough calories. Daily energy expenditure during breastfeeding increases by 500 kcal.
Due to the enhancement of the child's physical adaptability, in the first 1-2 weeks after the child's birth, the hepatitis B diet should be as strict as possible, and food restrictions should be gradually relaxed, and a small amount of new products should be introduced.
1-2 weeks
completely excluded (what is impossibleeateven in small doses)
cocoa and chocolate;
coffee, strong tea;
beans;
fat, thick soup;
Oily and marine fish;
fruit;
Chinese cabbage;
milk;
Egg;
muffins and pastries made from high-quality flour;
Honey;
nut.
Limited quantities:
First-grade flour biscuits, bran flour;
lean fish species;
liver (except birds);
lean beef, chicken;
corn, buckwheat;
butter and olive oil;
green baked apples;
Potato;
sugar;
Tea.
The basis of the diet is (reservedhypoallergenicfood):
low-fat dairy products;
Lean meats: rabbit, turkey; lean meats in a light broth;
Vegetables and broth: cauliflower, Brussels sprouts; broccoli; pattison, zucchini, zucchini; spinach; some onions and carrots;
Cereals: rice, buckwheat, millet, wheat, oatmeal; in moderation - corn, semolina;
Fermented dairy products: cheese 5-9%; sour cream 15%; kefir, fermented baked milk, diet cheeses (ricotta, feta, unsalted cheese);
Herbal teas (including nursing teas: fennel, fennel, dill, chamomile), rosehip soup, light green tea without additives;
Desserts: first grade flour or bran crackers; dry bread with bran (you can - a sandwich with a thin layer of butter on top, no more than 1 slice per day), biscuit crackers (with bran, from high quality flour - limited));
2-3 weeks - 1. 5 months
Complete exclusion of hyperallergenic foods, such as the previous 14 days, with the following exceptions:
milk.Use diluted milk no more than 1-2 times a week to make cereal. If a rash develops on the baby's skin, milk should not be included in the diet of a nursing mother.
Egg.In boiled form, take no more than 1 tablet per week; in case of infant unresponsiveness - take 1 tablet per day, limit protein.
Gradually introduce the diet:
Characteristics of fruits and vegetables in the yellow and red areas: Pumpkin, yellow apples (start with 1/4 of a baked apple per day), bananas (start with 1/4 of a day); add potatoes to your diet; beets (cooked with 1 tablespoon grated); tomatoes (add tomato paste first(4 1/2 packs) or steamed vegetables (no more than 1/2 medium tomato at a time); new vegetables are always introduced as roasted/cooked.
Different kinds of meat:Beef, veal, pork, chicken (low fat portion - cue ball, tenderloin, etc. ). Increase liver intake and gradually introduce chicken liver.
Increase your intake of lean fish.
The diet is always adjusted to the child's condition. If the baby develops a rash when opening a new product, remove it from the woman's diet immediately.
For up to 3 months, the nerve organs of the gut have not yet formed, so it is impossible to eat foods that promote gas formation and are difficult to digest:
Fatty meat, thick soup, lard;
beans;
Heavy fruits and berries rich in fiber and sugar: cherries, grapes, pears.
3-6 months
The main adaptation phase is completed. Now, in a woman's diet, you can gradually include all foods except:
cocoa, chocolate, coffee;
Semi-finished products, sausages and bacon;
sauces (mayonnaise, ketchup);
honey, nuts;
Citrus and strawberry.
The remaining products are introduced gradually and the infant's reaction (colic, appearance of rash) is observed. Soybean soup is recommended to be included in a child's 4-5 month diet, starting with 1/4 serving at a time.
Introduce 1 new product in a day to monitor your baby's condition. Therefore, complex dishes such as borsch should be eaten after your baby is used to all the ingredients (beets, tomatoes, cabbage, etc. ).
6-12 months
After 6 months, introduce complementary foods to the child, so dietary restrictions (except for the above allergens) cannot be adhered to.
Start with grains (buckwheat, rice, wheat) with 1 teaspoon at the first meal. Porridge is boiled in breast milk and water without added fats and spices. At the first feeding, homemade low-fat (2. 5%) milk fermented milk beverages are permitted: kefir, additive-free yogurt, and sugar. Children only eat fresh food (1-2 days after preparation).
They started introducing complementary foods at lunchtime (12: 00) to breastfeed the babies. Within a week, the child should adjust to an alternative solid food. After that, in the morning (8. 00-9. 00), the products introduced before are given, and new products are introduced at lunch.